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- <text id=94TT0420>
- <title>
- Apr. 18, 1994: Russian Air Roulette
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1994
- Apr. 18, 1994 Is It All Over for Smokers?
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- AVIATION, Page 50
- Russian Air Roulette
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>Service on Aeroflot was once considered just riotously bad.
- These days, it's getting downright dangerous.
- </p>
- <p>By Kevin Fedarko--Reported by Bruce Crumley/Paris, Sally B. Donnelly/Moscow and
- Jerry Hannifin/Cape Canaveral
- </p>
- <p> What could have caused Aeroflot Flight 593 to drop headlong
- out of the sky on March 22? For nearly a fortnight, international
- aviation officials asked themselves that question. Was it a
- technical failure? A terrorist bomb? A stray bird? All they
- knew was that the Hong Kong-bound Airbus A-310 disappeared from
- radar and exploded deep in the Siberian taiga...until last
- week, when the plane's flight recorder finally yielded a haunting
- clue: the voice of a child.
- </p>
- <p> Somewhere over the Altai Mountains, experts at Montreal's International
- Air Transport Association now believe, Captain Yaroslav Kudrinski's
- 15-year-old son--who, with his sister, was apparently receiving
- a lesson from Dad on how to fly the plane--inexplicably may
- have disengaged the plane's autopilot, stalling the craft and
- sending it into a dive. In a desperate effort to stave off disaster,
- someone lunged for the instrument panel. Whoever it was very
- nearly succeeded; Flight 593 crashed with its nose slightly
- up and its wings level, indicating that seconds before impact,
- someone regained at least control.
- </p>
- <p> Although Aeroflot officials still dispute this version of the
- crash, this much is clear: 75 more people are now dead in a
- country where air crashes last year killed nearly five times
- as many people as in 1987. This year the numbers are even worse:
- already, 195 people have died in what is becoming the deadliest
- season in the history of Russian civil aviation. Indeed, so
- dangerous have the post-Soviet skies become that this week the
- International Airline Passengers' Association will begin advising
- its members "not to fly to, in or over Russia. It's simply too
- dangerous."
- </p>
- <p> That will no doubt be seen by many as a richly deserved rebuke
- to an airline whose 3,000 planes and 600,000 employees once
- freighted more passengers more miles in greater discomfort than
- any other carrier in the world. During the past three years,
- however, the stock-in-trade tales of Aeroflot's imperious cabin
- crews, wretched meals and white-knuckle landings that once left
- travelers laughing nervously in the aisles have turned decidedly
- unfunny.
- </p>
- <p> After the Soviet Union toppled in December 1991, the air giant
- splintered into more than 150 smaller, independent carriers
- while the centralized system of maintenance, safety inspections
- and quality control vanished into thin air. The effect on safety
- has been chilling. In Armenia last December, 34 people died
- when a cargo plane illegally carrying passengers crashed and
- exploded like a Molotov cocktail. Examiners later determined
- that the aircraft had been loaded with two poorly secured automobiles
- stuffed with cans of gasoline, and that many of the passengers
- were also clutching jugs of gasoline as carry-on luggage. In
- Irkutsk this January, the pilot of a Tupolev-154 ignored a warning
- from a flight engineer that one of the engines was "dangerous."
- One hour later, the aircraft caught fire in midair and crashed,
- killing all 120 people on board.
- </p>
- <p> Perhaps such incidents should come as no surprise from the heirs
- of an airline whose legacy includes a pilot who, in 1986, tried
- to demonstrate his feel for an Aeroflot passenger jet by attempting
- to land with the cockpit blinds closed. More than 60 people
- were killed. But like the skipper, who survived, the tradition
- lives on. During a recent flight from northern Russia to Moscow,
- one curious passenger discovered a party in progress at the
- back of the plane. Vodka and sandwiches were being shared by
- most of the crew, including the copilot who, less than an hour
- from landing, had passed out drunk on a mountain of baggage.
- </p>
- <p> The worst offenders are the domestic carriers. For a bribe of
- about 20,000 rubles on top of the price of the ticket, most
- attendants and pilots will be only too happy to accommodate
- latecomers by jamming the aisles and cargo bins with standing
- room only. On many flights, preflight safety briefings are nonexistent;
- smoking is permitted before, during and after takeoff; access
- to emergency exits and even the toilets is blocked by everything
- from sacks of potatoes to wire cages filled with twittering
- birds.
- </p>
- <p> And then there are the delays. Glassy-eyed passengers can spend
- days huddled in dimly lit waiting rooms called, with spectacular
- aptness, "accumulators." Last summer, after enduring four stuporous
- days stranded in Moscow's Vnukovo airport, 350 passengers stormed
- the runway in an attempt to force a plane to take them home.
- Riot police were called in, and three people were injured.
- </p>
- <p> Perhaps such chaos is an inevitable by-product of an economy
- turned upside down, but aviation experts warn that air travel
- is an enterprise in which even minute compromises in standards
- are inevitably measured in human lives. "Russian air safety,"
- says Dan Cook, editor of Air Safety Week, "unfortunately is
- an oxymoron." Cook means what he says: on a recent inspection
- trip to Moscow, he and a team of safety inspectors declined
- to use Aeroflot. They flew Finnair instead.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
-